Following ethical principles in research is indeed crucial for maintaining the integrity of the study.Ethical responsibilities flow from all human relationships, from the personal and familial to the social and professional. The Virtue Ethics approach focuses on the character of the person as opposed to specific moral rules or moral actions.Ethical decision making in academic research focuses on providing maximum benefits to the participants. It would be unrealistic to attempt to develop an exhaustive list of actions for every situation and environment Marines may face. Here we advocate Virtue Ethics. There are many approaches within the study of ethics.
List Of Ethics Code Of Ethics
Objectivity: Avoid bias in all aspects of research Honesty: Ensure honesty in all forms of scientific communication with colleagues, sponsors or the general public However, people can have their own personal code of ethics as well. A definition favored by the Supreme Court is that religions are traditions that are anything like Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, or Buddhism.They provide a general idea of the ethical standards of a business or organization. The definition of religion is controversial.
Confidentiality: Protect and safeguard all confidential information recorded in your research Intellectual Property: Avoid plagiarism, give proper credit to all contribution in your research and honor all forms of intellectual property Accountability: Be responsible for all concerns related to your research Transparency: Disclose all the necessary information needed to evaluate your research Openness: Share information about your research and be open to criticism and new ideas Carefulness: Avoid errors or negligence at all times
Competence: Improve your own personal competence and also promote the competence of science as a whole Non-Discrimination: Avoid discrimination in all forms against colleagues Social Responsibility: Aim to promote social good through your research Respect for Colleagues: Respect and treat all your colleagues fairly Responsible Mentoring: Help and mentor other researchers and promote their welfare
However, it was all based on lies and fabricated data. He worked on artificial transplantation of trachea within several patients, which turned out to be pathbreaking in medical history. For instance, surgeon Paolo Macchiarini conducted experiments on patients without sound preclinical data. Human Subjects Protection: Respect human dignity and take special precautions wherever needed.Research misconduct can have dire consequences. Animal Care: Respect and care for all animal species
These experiments often resulted in severe injury or death. The terrible experiments conducted by the Nazis during the Second World War inspired the formulation of the Nuremberg Code. Using the Nuremberg Code shows a commitment to respect research participants. What is the Nuremberg Code?One of the more famous ethical guidelines followed in medical research is the Nuremberg Code. This was a severe consequence of the breach of research ethics. He altered his published results to make it look as if his trachea transplant work was more successful than it really was.
Making Ethical DecisionsThere are some core principles that guide ethical decision making. The Nuremberg Code addresses all of these things. Many experiments were not done with any therapeutic aim in mind.
Make a final choice that seeks to minimize harm and build trust. Create a list of actions you could take and evaluate the consequences of each one. It is important to evaluate the credibility of the information before taking any decisions regarding the research. This means choosing an ethical behavior even if it delays your work or means not getting published quickly in a prestigious journal.Next, you must determine the authenticity of the facts.
A person should not be included as an author because of his/her position in the institute. That way, everyone involved can have their say. It is best to have this discussion before writing the research paper. This is usually done by naming him/her as an author on the final paper. This holds true even if the researcher is a student. Any researcher who contributes substantially to a research project or paper needs to get credit.
Each potential research participant should know: They must have all the information that could affect their decision to participate. It is important that the person who is invited to be part of the research understands both the benefits and the risks involved. Moreover, no student must feel pressured to participate.Informed consent is a key principle of research ethics. In this case, he or she must make it clear that participation is voluntary, not compulsory. A professor may want to recruit his or her students for a study.
The risks must be minimized as far as humanly possible. All research must seek to answer questions that will benefit humanity.
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